Higgs 101 | Cosmic VarianceSymmetry, in this case the U(1) transformation invariance, is given a natural place in this discussion of the Higgs.
...Here comes the miracle: if you impose upon our relativistic, complex, quantum-mechanical wavefunctions the requirement that they be invariant under these U(1) transformations, then you get electromagnetism. Conservation of electric charge. A massless photon. QED - quantum electrodynamics, in all its 12-digit precision glory. Electromagnetism is a simple consequence of the U(1) symmetry of any wavefunction....
Nice summary!
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